Courtesy of John E. Randall

	QuickTime (53K) Click this button to use any media player Series of grating sounds produces with their teeth. There are some knocking sounds present in this recording. From CD Supplement to: Sounds of the Western North Atlantic Fishes by Fish & Mowbray, 1970. CD ©University of Rhode Island, 2001

Life History and Habitat
The bigeye scad is found in clear oceanic tropical waters worldwide. Occurring in schools as large as hundreds of thousands of individuals, it is a highly commercial species. The life of a bigeye scad is brief. Fish may mature by seven months and live only two years. Spawning has been reported to occur at night during April through September in Hawaii. As a fast growing, short lived species bigeye scad are highly fecund.

Sound Production
Rasping sounds emitted from individuals are commonly observed during capture. These sounds are produced by grinding of the pharyngeal teeth. Enormous schools may collectively produce low-frequency hydrodynamic sounds while swimming.

References
• FishBase.org: Bigeye Scad Species Summary
• Fish, M.P. and Mowbray, H.M. 1970. Sounds of Western North Atlantic Fishes. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins Press. p. 61
• Monterey Bay Aquarium: SeafoodWatch Report